----SENKU MACHINERY

Here is the charging process of most battery pack:

1. Pre-charge phase

- This stage is only used for trickle charging (Restorative charging)of low SOC% or fully discharged battery packs.

Usually, trickle charging is used when the battery voltage is below about 3V. The trickle charging current is one tenth of the constant charging current, which is 0.1C (taking a constant charging current of 1A as an example, the trickle charging current is 100mA)

2. Constant current charging phase

- When the battery voltage reaches the standard charging voltage level, the charging current will increase and then maintain the maximum charging value until the next charging stage.

The current for constant current charging is between 0.2C and 1.0C. The battery voltage gradually increases with the constant current charging process, and the voltage set for a single battery is generally 3.0-4.2V.

3. Constant voltage charging phase

- When the battery voltage rises to 4.2V, constant current charging ends and the constant voltage charging phase begins. According to the saturation degree of the battery cell ( State of Charger or SOC), the charging current gradually decreases from its maximum value as the charging process continues. When it decreases to 0.01C, it is considered that the charging is terminated. (C is a representation method that compares the nominal capacity of the battery to the current, for example, if the battery has a capacity of 1000mAh, 1C is the charging current of 1000mA.)

4. Charging termination

- There are two typical methods of charging termination:

Using the minimum charging current judgment or

Using a timer or

A combination of both

The minimum current method monitors the charging current during the constant voltage charging stage and terminates charging when the charging current decreases to the range of 0.02C to 0.07C.

Timer method starts with timing during the constant voltage charging phase and continues charging for two hours before terminating the charging process.

Know more about constant current /voltage charging here!!!

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Tags: #constant voltage charging #constant current charging #trickle charging #ev charging